TOPIC 1.0 CYTOLOGY
1.1 The cell theory
1.2 Cell structure and function
1.3 Organic constituents of cell
- Carbohydrates
- Lipids
- Proteins
- Enzymes
- ATP
TOPIC 2.0 PRINCIPLES OF CLASSIFICATION
2.1 Classification systems
2.2 Categories of Classification
2.3 Nomenclature
2.4 Taxonomic keys
TOPIC 3.0 COMPARATIVE STUDY OF NATURAL GROUPS OF ORGANISM
3.1 Viruses
3.2 Kingdom Monera
- Division Eubacteria
3.3 Kingdom Protista
- Phylum Rhizopoda
- Phylum Zoomastigma
- Phylum Apicomplexa
- Phylum Euglenophyta
- Phylum Oomycota
- Phylum Chlorophyta
3.3.1 Economic importance
3.4 Kingdom Fungi
- Phylum Zygomycota
- Phylum Ascomycota
- Phylum Basidiomycota
3.4.1 Economic Importance
3.5 Kingdom Plantae
- Division Bryophyta
- Division Filicinophyta
- Division Coniferophyta
- Division Angiospermophyta
3.5.1 Economic importance
3.6 Kingdom Animalia
- Phylum Platyhelminthes
- Phylum Aschelminthes (Nematoda)
- Phylum Annelida
- Phylum Arthropoda
- Phylum Chordata
TOPIC 4.0 COORDINATION
4.1 Coordination in Animals
- Nervous System
- Synapse
- Sensory receptors
- Mammalian Endocrinology
- Peripherial nervous system
4.2 Coordination in Plants
- Types of tactic movement
- Tropic Movement
- Nastic Movement
TOPIC 5.0 NUTRITION
5.1 Types of Nutrition
5.2 Nutrition in Animals
- Digestion System in Mammals
5.3 Photosynthesis
- Types of Photosynthetic reaction
- Mechanism of Photosynthesis
- Requirements of Photosynthesis
- Economic Importance of Photosynthesis
TOPIC 6.0 GASEOUS EXCHANGE AND RESPIRATION
6.1 Gaseous exchange
- Mammalian Lungs
- Transport of respiratory gases
- Gaseous exchange in Plants
6.2 Respiratory
- Site of Respiration
- Stages of Respiration
- Alternative respiratory substrates
- Respiratory quotient
- Basal metabolic rate
TOPIC 7.0 REGULATION (HOMEOSTASIS)
7.1 Feedback mechanism
7.2 Control of blood glucose level
7.3 Temperature regulation
TOPIC 8.0 TRANSPORTATION OF MATERIALS
8.1 Transportation in Plants
- Movement of Materials across the root System
8.2 Transportation in Animals
TOPIC 9.0 GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT
9.1 Mitosis
9.2 Growth Patterns
9.3 Growth and Development in Plants
- Primary and secondary growth in Angiosperms
- Seed dormancy and viability
TOPIC 10.0 REPRODUCTION
10.1 Meiosis
10.2 Reproduction in Plants
- Fertilization
- Seed and fruit Development
- Life Cycles
10.3 Reproduction in Animals
- Fertilization and Zygote development in mammals
- Birth and parental care
- Life cycles
TOPIC 11.0 GENETICS
11.1 Hereditary Materials
- DNA
- RNA
11.2 Mendelian Principles of Inheritance
11.3 Non-Mendelian Inheritance
11.4 Mutations
TOPIC 12.0 EVOLUTION
12.1 Theories on the origin of Life
12.2 Theories on the mechanism of organic evolution
12.2 Evidences on the Evolution
- Paleontology
- Comparative Morphology and Anatomy
- Comparative Bio-Chemistry
- Bio-geography
- Selective Breeding
12.3 Speciation
TOPIC 13.0 ECOLOGY
13.1 Ecosystem
13.2 Methods of studying Ecology
13.3 Population by Dynamics
13.4 Sustainable use of environmental resources.
TOPIC 14.0 EXCRETION AND OSMOREGULATION
14.1 Excretion of nitrogenous waste
14.2 Mammalian kidney
14.3 Mechanism of Urine formation
14.4 Endocrine control of osmoregulation
14.5 Urine
- OSMOREGULATION
14.6 Osmoregualation in marine elasmobranches
14.7 Osmoregulation in fresh water organism
14.8 Adaptations of mammals to arid environment
14.9 Adaptations of mammals to humid condition
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