GENERAL STUDIES FOR ADVANCED LEVEL - MSOMI BORA 

1. Communication

Þ    The concept of communication

·        Definition of communication

·        Importance of good communication

Þ    Means of communication

·        Basic means of communication

Þ    Communication skills (reading, writing, speaking)

·      How to bring out various reading skills (scanning, skimming, reviewing and surveying), reading speeds and methods

·      How to listen and perceive accurately

·      How to speak fluently and confidently

·      Varying writing skills (competent writing for various purposes, audiences and situations) (verb forms, spelling, word choice (diction), punctuation, plurals,


2. Culture

Þ    Concept and elements of culture

·        Definition of culture

·        Types and elements of culture and their importance

·        Positive and negative elements of culture in relation to gender

·        Strategies that lead to harmonious gender transformation

·        How to uphold positive elements of culture

Þ    Cultural Change

·        Define cultural change

·        Factors influencing cultural change (in the economic, political, technological and social sectors)

·        advantages and disadvantages of cultural change in society (e.g. increased knowledge, mobility, increased fast communication)


        3. DEMOCRATIC PROCESS

            Aspects of democracy

·        Definition democracy
·        Aspects of the democratic process
·        history of the democratic process

Þ                        Basic rights and freedom of citizens
·        the 7 basic rights

Þ                                Responsibilities of citizens
·        Definition
·        Responsibilities of citizens

Þ                                       Rule of law
·        Definition of law
·        Definition of rule of law
·        Relationship between democracy and the rule of law /law and         policy
·        How to uphold the rule of law / how does the law of the
       government of Tanzania  affect individual rights and the
       promotion of common welfare

Government organs

·        the functions f the authority of the executive, the judiciary and
       the legislature
·        the role of the government in a democratic society
·        why must the judiciary be free from political pressure?
·        role of the government (security, protection and essential public services)

 

 4. SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY IN DEVELOPMENT

Þ    The concepts

·        Definition of science and technology

·        Major developments in science and technology

·        relationship between science, technology and development

Þ    The role of science and technology in development

·        the role of science and technology in modern industrial 
       activities, in provision of social services and in sustainable
       (industrial) development

Þ    Transfer of technology

  •          Meaning?

  •          Advantages and disadvantages

Þ    Types of industries, their problems and possible solutions

·        Why the absence of some industries?

Þ    Social services

·        Definition?

·        Are social services indicators of development?

·        How S & T can be used to transform the social sector

·        possible solutions to social needs

Þ    Relationship in science and technology

·        How does S & T depend on each other?

·        Human effects /consequences of scientific advances and
       technological change

·        Community events that need changing /conserving

·        Capacity for logical and scientific ways of thinking in solving 
        problems

·        Scientific methods and aids available in learning  


5. ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES

Þ    Meaning and components of the environment

·        definition

·        Components of the environment

·        Issues and problems affecting the environment

·        possible solutions to environmental problems

·        positive attitudes and behavior patterns towards the
       environment

·        Protection and conservation of the environment

Þ    Natural hazards

·        Definition

·        Examples of natural hazards/ catastrophes /epidemics
       common in Africa

·        Precautionary measures to take against natural hazards

 

6. Social econOmIc issueS in Tanzania

Þ    Key social economic issues in Tanzania today

·        Role of individuals, social institutions, government and
       non-governmental organizations in understanding and dealing
       with recurring and emerging social and economic problems.


7. MAN, PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION


Þ    The concept of philosophy

·        Definition of philosophy

·        Importance of philosophy

·        The relationship between man and philosophy

·        Major aspects of Tanzania’s life philosophy

·        The role of philosophy in a man’s life

·        Guiding principles of Tanzania’s philosophy (unity, peace, work, equality and love).

                     Þ    Religion

·        Definition

·        Role and function of religion (in daily lives)

·        Tolerance towards different faiths

·        Major religions of the world

·        Comparisons between practices in various religions

·        How religion contributes to stability /instability in society

·        Why Tanzania has no state religion


        8. INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION


     Þ    Foreign Policy

·        Definition

·        Foreign policy in Tanzania

                          Þ    Bilateral co-operation

·        Tanzania’s friendly relations with other nations

Þ    Multilateral co-operation

·        Objectives and implementation of regional organizations such as ; EAC, SADC, COMESA, ECOWAS

Þ    The OAU

·        Structure, objectives and implementation strategies

Þ    International peace and understanding

·        Organizations concerned with the promotion of
     international  peace and understanding

·        Structure, objectives and implementation strategies
     of NAM, SSC Commonwealth, NATO and EU

Þ    The UN

·        Background, structure, objectives and implementation strategies

·        Objectives of different UN agencies:

·        UNESCO, UNDP, UNICEF, FAO, IMF, WORLD
     BANK (IBRD), WHO, UNHCR, UNEP, ILO, ICJ
     (International court of Justice)

·        Major implementations strategies and resolutions
     adopted by UN’s different commissions e.g. the
    Beijing Declaration, platform for action Agenda 21,
    the Cairo conference.

·        Achievements of the UN in Tanzania.

·        Failures of the UN

Þ    Tanzania’s foreign debt

·        Meaning and definition of foreign debt

·        Origin and nature of Tanzania’s foreign debt

·        Implications of debt to Tanzania’s development

·        Possible long /short-term solutions to the debt crisis